Biography of Thomas Adams, American Inventor

Thomas Adams (May 4, 1818–February 7, 1905) was an American inventor. In 1871, he patented a machine that could mass produce chewing gum from chicle. Adams later worked with businessman William Wrigley, Jr. to establish the American Chicle Company, which experienced great success in the chewing gum industry. Fast Facts: Thomas Adams Known For: Adams was an American inventor who founded the chewing gum industry.Born: May 4, 1818 in New York CityDied: February 7, 1905 in New York City Early Life Thomas Adams was born on May 4, 1818, in New York City. There is little recorded information about his early life; however, it is known that he dabbled in various trades—including glassmaking—before eventually becoming a photographer. Experiments With Chicle During the 1850s, Adams was living in New York and working as a secretary for Antonio de Santa Anna. The Mexican general was in exile, living with Adams in his Staten Island home. Adams noticed that Santa Anna liked to chew the gum of the Manilkara tree, which was known as chicle. Such natural products had been used as chewing gum for thousands of years by groups such as the ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Aztecs. In North America, chewing gum had long been used by Native Americans, from whom British settlers eventually adopted the practice. Later, businessman and inventor John B. Curtis became the first person to sell gum commercially. His gum was made from sweetened paraffin wax. It was Santa Anna who suggested that the unsuccessful but inventive photographer Adams experiment with chicle from Mexico. Santa Anna felt that chicle could be used to make a synthetic rubber tire. Santa Anna had friends in Mexico who would be able to supply the product cheaply to Adams. Before making chewing gum, Thomas Adams first tried to turn chicle into synthetic rubber products. At the time, natural rubber was expensive; a synthetic alternative would have been extremely useful to many manufacturers and would have guaranteed its inventor great wealth. Adams attempted to make toys, masks, rain boots, and bicycle tires out of the chicle from Mexican sapodilla trees, but every experiment failed. Adams became disheartened by his failure to use chicle as a rubber substitute. He felt he had wasted about a years worth of work. One day, Adams noticed a girl buying White Mountain paraffin wax chewing gum for a penny at the corner drugstore. He recalled that chicle was used as chewing gum in Mexico and thought this would be a way to use his surplus chicle. According to a 1944 speech given by Adams grandson Horatio at a banquet for the American Chicle Company, Adams proposed to prepare an experimental batch, which the pharmacist at the drugstore agreed to sample. Adams came home from the meeting and told his son Thomas Jr. about his idea. His son, excited by the proposition, suggested that the two manufacture several boxes of chicle chewing gum and give the product a name and a label. Thomas Jr. was a salesman (he sold tailoring supplies and sometimes traveled as far west as the Mississippi River), and he offered to take the chewing gum on his next trip to see if he could sell it. Chewing Gum In 1869, Adams was inspired to turn his surplus stock into chewing gum by adding flavoring to the chicle. Shortly after, he opened the worlds first chewing gum factory. In February 1871, Adams New York Gum went on sale in drug stores for a penny a piece. The gumballs came in wrappers of different colors in a box with a picture of New Yorks City Hall on the cover. The venture was such a success that Adams was driven to design a machine that could mass-produce the gum, allowing him to fill larger orders. He received a patent for this device in 1871. According to The Encyclopedia of New York City, Adams sold his original gum  with the slogan Adams New York Gum No. 1 — Snapping and Stretching.  In 1888, a new Adams chewing gum called Tutti-Frutti became the first gum to be sold in a  vending machine. The machines were located in New York City subway stations and also sold other varieties of Adams gum.  Adams products proved to be very popular, much more so than the existing gum products on the market, and he quickly dominated his competitors. His company debuted Black Jack (a licorice-flavored gum) in 1884 and Chiclets (named after chicle) in 1899. Adams merged his company with other gum manufacturers from the United States and Canada in 1899 to form the American Chicle Company, of which he was the first chairman. Other companies that merged into it included W.J. White and Son, Beeman Chemical Company, Kisme Gum, and S.T. Briton. The rising popularity of chewing gum in the decades that followed led scientists to develop new synthetic versions; nevertheless, some old-fashioned chicle varieties are still manufactured and sold today. Death Adams eventually stepped down from his leadership position at the American Chicle Company, though he remained on the board of directors into his late 80s. He died on February 7, 1905, in New York. Legacy Adams was not the inventor of chewing gum. Nevertheless, his invention of a device for mass producing chewing gum, along with his efforts to promote it, gave birth to the chewing gum industry in the United States. One of his products—Chiclets, first introduced in 1900—is still sold around the world today. In 2018, chewing gum sales totaled about $4 billion in the United States. The American Chicle Company was purchased by a pharmaceutical company in 1962. In 1997, the company was renamed Adams in honor of its founder; it is currently owned by the confectionery conglomerate Cadbury, which is based in England. Sources Dulken, Stephen Van.  American Inventions: a History of Curious, Extraordinary, and Just Plain Useful Patents. New York University Press, 2004.McCarthy, Meghan.  Pop!: The Invention of Bubble Gum. Simon Schuster, 2010.Segrave, Kerry.  Chewing Gum in America, 1850-1920: the Rise of an Industry. McFarland Co., 2015.

Rape And Social Development Programs - 1519 Words

Introduction Date Rape is the well-known act of persuaded, or potentially forced, unconsented sex with another person. There are numerous explanations for why date rapes, or rapes in general, occur. As laid out in some academic papers, prescribed cultural masculine ideologies may be the explanation for the motive of the act. Merton and Durkeim’s Strain Theory gives some bases in the explanation of this, as pertaining the strain involved in achieving these ideologies (goals). Some initiatives by social programs prevent rape crimes by educating men about the false masculinity portrayed to them and to fight the culture surrounding it. Strain theory, as well as social learning theory, give some explanation to why date rapes are committed and social development programs may be a preventative. Specifically, what is date rape in legal terms and who does it involve? Criminal/Deviant Behaviour Rape is traditionally defined as ‘the act of sexual intercourse committed by a man with a woman not his wife and without her consent’ (Anderson, 1997). In Canada, â€Å"rape was taken out of the Criminal Code and replaced with â€Å"sexual assault†. Sexual assault in Canada does not have a definitive definition rather just assault that is sexual in nature. It is also split into three different levels of charges: Common, weapon/bodily harm, and aggravated (Depending on the severity of bodily harm). The sexual portion is just anything that relates to someone’s sexual orientation. Date Rape as opposed toShow MoreRelatedRape Prevention As Well As Education Program856 Words   |  4 Pages1. We choose that exacting source because the Rape Prevention as well as Education Program gives free, secret, trauma-informed support to all affected with sexual aggression and encourages social transform through avoidance learning. Sexual aggression is an important public health difficulty in the United States. Stated by the Centres for â€Å"Disease Control as well as Prevention’s† that is also known as (CDC) and also the National Intimate Partner as well as Sexual aggression Survey, almost 1 inRead MoreThe Effects Of Violence Against Women On North American Society1663 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion: How do social norms contribute to the persistence of violence against women in North American society? Inter-disciplinary approach There are many factors that contribute to violence against women. There are obvious factors such as substance abuse by both the abused or the abuser that lead to violence. Cycles of poverty and the stresses that come with economic struggle are known factors in violence as well. Economic struggles inside and outside of the home are stresses and not only doesRead MoreHiv And Its Effects On The United States1440 Words   |  6 Pagespotentially positive elements of adolescent development one has the chance to change the way a person views sex for the rest of their life. Required academic programs can help adolescents develop a sense of embodiment and sexual agency, and cultivate the social, emotional, and cognitive skills they need to make healthy decisions and engage in fulfilling relationships (Sanoff). For every rape victim there is a rapist, and though it’s hard to say what causes someone to rape, society must start the transitionRead MoreTeen Pregnancy1426 Words   |  6 Pagespregnancy is often unplanned and challenging for the future life of mother and child. The increase risk of health problems for both mother and baby occur during teen pregnancy. Teen pregnancy impacts adolescent development in all aspects: physical, emotional, cognitive, and social development. Negative consequences result from teen pregnancy include: low income, increased school dropout rates, lower educational levels, and increased rates of substance abuse (Garwood, Gerassi, Reid, Plax Drake, 2015)Read MoreThe Effects Of Binge Drinking On College Students1290 Words   |  6 Pagesinvolve perspective relevant to those who exhibit abusive alcoholic behavior are substantial in their findings as they relate to certain commonalities in social climate as well as chronic behaviors or activities that form analysis. Moreover, the literature review will present a synthesis of methodological decisions made in proceeding research development studies. This review will include sexual v ictimization and automobile accidents. The literature review will fall within the scope of communicating theRead MoreUnderstanding Feminism Essay785 Words   |  4 Pagesperformed by a housewife. Employment equity and pay equity have become concern for unions, employers and governments. Some programs promote women into levels and types of occupations that they were historically discriminated against. The most controversial field of feminist’s actions is women’s rights to the control over their bodies with respect to fertility, sexual relationships, rape and medical power over women’s health. Male control over women’s bodies has also traditionally expressed itself throughRead MoreThe United Nations ( 1993 ) Defines Violence Against Women1618 Words   |  7 Pagesviolence is in accordance to that of the Government of Ontario. This definition of sexual violence is any violence, physical or psychological, carried out through sexual means or by targeting sexuality. This includes sexual abuse, sexual assault or rape. It also includes sexual harassment, stalking, indecent or sexualized exposure, degrading sexual imagery, voyeurism, cyber harassment, trafficking and sexual exploitation (UWO, 2014). The policy itself entails identifying that prevention and respondingRead MoreAmnesty International : For Survivors Of Wartime Rape1728 Words   |  7 PagesInternational: WHEN EVERYONE IS SILENT: REPARATION FOR SURVIVORS OF WARTIME RAPE IN REPUBLIKA SRPSKA IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA. Amnesty International Publications (2012). Amnesty International’s purpose is â€Å"to analyze the failure of the authorities to respect the right to reparation of survivors of wartime rape.† (AI) This purpose is legitimate as out of the tens of thousands of women who were victims of wartime rape, â€Å"fewer than 40 cases have been prosecuted.† (AI) The governments of Bosnia andRead MoreThe Epidemic Of The Hiv Virus1747 Words   |  7 Pagesdevouring the lives of innocent people, typically in Africa, where people are especially prone to acquiring AIDS. South Africa, having one of the highest amounts of rape crimes in the world, is also home to the highest amount of people living with HIV in the world, at about 6.8 million people(Web, HIV AIDS SA). With such a high amount of rape crimes and drug use, the spread of the HIV virus can move rapidly across the nation. It could take anywhere from 5-10 years for the HIV virus to adapt into AIDSRead MorePeruvian Women Support Groups857 Words   |  3 Pagesexp ressed a particular interest in social organization among low- income segments of the Peruvian population. Despite its polarized beginnings however, the movement did not maintain its political ties and promptly abandoned all previous political affiliations upon the official founding of the organization in order to ensure an impartial assessment of women’s issues. The founders’ interest in providing aid for low- income women inevitably shaped the movement’s program trajectory, driving MR to work

Online Banking Industry In Australia Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Online Banking Industry In Australia. Answer: Introduction Online banking industry in Australia is experiencing significant growth rate in the recent years. Especially, during the last few years, the business growth and the number of users of online banking companies have increased notably. Most importantly, the federal government of Australia has taken a strong initiative to go cashless in the money transaction process. Therefore, the federal government of Australia is trying to create a strong awareness among the common public regarding the use of online banking applications. The government is trying to go cashless within the year 2025. Therefore, the government is motivating the public and private banks across Australia to offer the online banking services to the common Australians. After this initiative, it has been identified that the percentage of the users of the online banking services has increased by 58 percent recently. This can be regarded as an impressive number. Prominent security, easy accessibility and user friendly approache s are the major reasons behind the selection of the online banking services by the users. This is also essential to state that the organizations within the Australian banking industry has significantly applied unique marketing, promotion and other differentiated strategies to make the online banking operation process successful. Aims and Objectives The major aim of this research work is to analyze and evaluate the growth of the e-banking industry in Australia. Moreover, the research paper will also analyze the impact of the growth of the Australian E-banking industry on the Australian economy. This particular research work will try to meet the developed objectives as follows: To analyze and evaluate the major reasons behind the impressive growth of the online banking industry. To analyze and evaluate the scope and future of the Australian online baking. To determine the impact of the performance of the online banking on the economic condition of Australia. Research Questions The researcher will address the developed research questions as follows: What are the major reasons behind the impressive growth of the online banking industry? What is the scope and future of the Australian online baking? What is the impact of the performance of the online banking on the economic condition of Australia? Literature Review It is already introduced that the Federal government of Australia is taking some notable initiatives to go cashless by the year 2025. This is acceptable that government of Australia is strongly focusing on the effective awareness programs in order to motivate the people to acknowledge and use the online banking option (Lubua, 2014). The organizations within the Australian banking industry are highly motivated by the government to offer online and e-banking services. Most importantly, this is also acceptable that the majority of the developing countries are also focusing on the online banking and cashless services to attain strong economic growth. In addition, this is also acceptable that the Australian federal government is being relied on the cashless money transaction services basis on the growing demand (Lunenberg, 2011). Reasons for Using Internet Banking There are several reasons behind the growth in the percentage of the users of the online banking services. First of all, the simplified and easy banking services introduced by the e-banking can be regarded as the major reason behind the growth in the percentage of the users. An users can easily transfer money to the bank account of others through the consideration of the e-banking services quite comfortably (Mishra et al., 2013). It is an effortless and time effective activity. In addition, the common individuals also can buy products through the online transaction and e-banking. In this process, the users do not require to use the debit or credit cards. In the business transaction process, e-banking platforms also have become an important medium. This is acceptable that the online transaction platforms are significantly used by the organizations in the B2B transaction process (Nair, 2014). In addition, this is also acceptable that the human resource managers of several organizations used to pay their salaries through the online transaction process in which the e-banking activities are being utilized (Oleary et al., 2011). Carrying liquid cash also has become a major problem for the common individuals as there is threat for the theft of money. Therefore, the consideration of the online money transaction process can be considered as a safe payment option. Apart from it, the users can send and receive funds at any point of time at any place (Savery, 2015). This is also can be considered as an important reason behind the use of the online banking services. It is also essential to state that the transfer of fund in the foreign markets has become easier and cost effective as well as time effective through the consideration of the online banking services. This is acceptable that the consideration of these particular services can improve the efficiency in the fund transfer activities in the foreign countries (Stahl et al., 2016). In the money transfer process, the higher efficiency in the cash flow is highly important. The time and cost efficiency in the online banking and e-banking money transfer activities can enhance speed and efficiency in the cash flow process, which is important for any kind of banking service (Singh and Hardaker, 2014). However, these are considered to be the major reasons behind the growth in the number of the users of online banking activities. E-Banking Services through Bank Websites It is acceptable that all the organizations within the Australian banking industry have focused on the offering of two important types of internet banking services. First of all, it can be stated that the organizational management of a bank used to offer the internet banking services through the physical bank system (Schmidt, 2015). On the other hand, this is also important to state that the banking organizations in Australia used to offer the e-banking services (Trkman, 2010). The e-banking services can be offered by the management of the organizations without any presence of the physical evidence of the banks. Most importantly, the websites of the banks used to offer efficient and customer friendly online banking services. This online banking service is comprised of four important basic factors, such as quick accessibility, speed, facilities and provident content. Hence, it is clear enough to accept that the organization within the Australian banking industry needs to adopt some im portant ways in the website development processes (Welch, 2012). The Australian banks are considering two important factors in the website development process. Majority of the Australian banks are focused on the development of the transactional website and information based website. The consideration of the transactional website used to focus on the transaction of money. On the other hand, this is also essential to state that the users and the target customers can get to know about the information about the e-banking services through the informational website (West et al., 2010). Security and Possible Risks for Online Transaction Apart from several advantages and benefits, this is acceptable that the online banking services can have different types of disadvantages, which can create ethical challenges. It has become an usual concern that the transactional websites of different banks are getting affected and controlled by different hackers across the globe (Bock, 2015). Hence, privacy and security related concerns can be considered as the major concerns for the banks (Doumps Zopounidis, 2010). Hacking of personal information, account information and data of the users can create several ethical challenges. First of all, the organizations can lose support from the important organizational stakeholders (Williams, 2012). Secondly, the organizations can face different types of challenges, such as loss of customers and poor business growth can affect the sustainability (Bossidy, 2008). In addition, this is also essential to accept that the contemporary firms can face different types of challenges regarding the failure of the technical or technological applications in the business operation process (Cheng et al., 2014). This is acceptable that the consideration of the lack of regularity in the reviewing and evaluating the technological applications can affect the efficiency. Overall, these are the major challenges and the risk factors (Hajdini, 2010). Drivers of Change and Future Scopes This is acceptable that the online banking services have become more common activity and affordable option for the common Australians. This is also acceptable that the Government of Australia is motivating the organizations within the Australian banking industry to focus on the digital and cashless transaction approaches. It is an important aspect to state that the majority of the organizations within the Australian banking industry are trying to offer differentiated and quality online banking services to the target customers basis on the ongoing demand (Guoli et al., 2017). In terms if the demand can be considered as the major driver for the change. In addition, efficiency and advancement in the online payment services, online networks, internet services and online devices can be considered as the major drivers of change (Ng and Rezaee, 2015). In terms of the future prospect, this is acceptable that the organization within the Australian banking industry needs to go for the better business growth through the continuation with the differentiated internet and e-banking activities (Klettner et al., 2014). Most importantly, the government is focusing on becoming cashless economy by the year 2025. Hence, the future prospect of the online e-banking services and activities are quite high (Mats Anderson, 2016). Research Plan and Methodology Research plan and methodology is considered to be the most vital part in a research work. It is acceptable that the researchers can adopt either the qualitative research methodology or the quantitative research methodology. The researchers used to select a particular methodological approach basis on the needs and characteristics of a research work. Qualitative research method focuses on the behavior, feelings, perception, thought process and emotion of the respondents. Quantitative research methodology depends upon the analysis of numerical figures through the application of statistical formulae and units. However, the researcher will select the qualitative research methodology in this research work basis on the exploratory nature of the research work. Research Approach In terms of research approach, the researcher will provide significant importance to the data collection process. There is a possibility of the application of either secondary data collection process or the primary data collection process. Secondary data collection process generally involves the collection of enormous number of required information and data from the valuable data sources. Primary data collection process generally involves in the collection of live and fresh data through field work. The researcher will adopt both the primary and secondary data collection process in this research work focusing on the advantages. Academic text books and journals will be considered as the secondary data collection sources. On the other hand, the open ended semi-structure interview process will be considered for the primary data collection process. Sampling Technique and Approaches In this research work, the researcher has adopted the simple random sampling approach. Most importantly, the researcher has approached to 50 bank employees regarding the interview questionnaire process. Among the 50 individuals, 40 individuals have stated that they are agreed to give response to the questionnaire. Hence, the sample size for this research work is 40. Data Analysis and Findings The researcher has asked five different questions based on the developed research objective and research question. In terms of first interview question, it has been identified from the responses that the 27 respondents out of the 40 respondents have replied that time efficiency is the major reason behind the growth of the online banking services across Australia. On the other hand, rests of the 13 respondents have replied that user friendly characteristics and features have motivated the customers of the bank to use the online banking services. In terms of the second interview question, it has been identified that 32 respondents have stated that the motivation by government is the major reason behind the growth of the e-banking services. On the other hand, 8 respondents have stated that the growing demand and popularity can be regarded as the major reason behind the growth of the e-banking service. In terms of the third question, it has been identified that the 35 individuals have accepted that the federal government of Australia will be successful in making Australia a cashless economy by the year 2025. However, rest of the five respondents has stated that it is difficult for the federal government of Australia to make the country 100 percent cashless economy. In terms of the fourth question, it has been identified that 23 respondents out of the 40 respondents have stated that the effective marketing and promotional activities are required for the banking organizations in Australia to promote the online banking services. It is also acceptable that the rest of the 17 individuals have stated that the there are other important programs and activities, which can improve the growth of the online banking activities. In terms of the last question, this can be stated that 36 individuals have stated that the growth of the online banking services will have a strong impact on the economic growth of the country. On the other hand, 4 individuals have stated that the growth in the online banking management approaches will not have a strong impact on the economic condition of Australia. Discussion It is already clear from the analysis that the majority of the respondents have shown their support for the effectiveness of the online banking services. This is acceptable that time efficiency approach is the major reason behind the growing acceptance of the online banking services by the customers. Similarly, the majority of the respondents have offered their responses by supporting the motivation and brand awareness approaches by government. In addition, this is also acceptable that majority of the respondents generally think that Australia has the capability to become a developed cashless economy by the year 2025. According to the respondents, the company management needs to consider strong awareness programs as it will ensure positive growth and brand image of the banks providing the online services. In the last few years the business growth and number of users of the online banking companies have increased notably. Most importantly, the federal government of Australia has taken a strong initiative to go cashless in the money transaction process. Therefore, the federal government of Australia is trying to create a strong awareness among the common public regarding the use of online banking applications. The government is trying to go cashless within the year 2025. Therefore, it is clear that the government motivation is a big success factor for the organizations within the Australian banking industry to offer the differentiated and quality online banking services. The e-banking services can be offered by the management of the organizations without any presence of the physical evidence of the banks. The higher efficiency in the cash flow is highly important. The time and cost efficiency in the online banking and e-banking money transfer activities can enhance speed and efficiency in the cash flow process, which is important for any kind of banking service. Hence, it is acceptable that the consideration of the effective time and cost efficiency are the major reasons behind this particular growth. Human resource managers of several organizations used to pay their salaries through the online transaction process in which the e-banking activities are being utilized. The simplified and easy banking services introduced by the e-banking can be regarded as the major reason behind the growth in the percentage of the users. A user can easily transfer money to the bank account of others through the consideration of the e-banking services quite comfortably. Hence, it can be stated that user friendly approaches are considered to be the major reasons behind the growth. There are several challenges of online banking activities, such as hacking of personal information, account information and data of the users can create several ethical challenges. First of all, the organizations can lose support from the important organizational stakeholders. Secondly, the organizations can face different types of challenges, such as loss of customers and poor business growth can affect the sustainability. The federal government needs to improve these particular approaches for better sustainability. Conclusion and Recommendations Australia has taken a strong initiative to go cashless in the money transaction process. Therefore, the federal government of Australia is trying to create a strong awareness among the common public regarding the use of online banking applications. The government of Australia is trying to go cashless within the year 2025. User friendly approaches are considered to be the major reasons behind the growth of the online banking services. Moreover, the consideration of effective time and cost efficiency are the major reasons behind this particular growth of the online banking approaches. There are several challenges of online banking activities, such as hacking of personal information, account information and data of the users can create several ethical challenges. First of all, the organizations can face different types of challenges, such as loss of customers and poor business growth can affect the sustainability. Secondly, the organizations can lose support from the important organizat ional stakeholders. Thbe following recommendation plans will assist to overcome the challenges. First of all, effective awareness program needs to be considered by the government and banking authority collaboratively. In addition, this is also acceptable that the consideration of the effective public relationship program will help the country to become a cashless economy. Lastly, this is also important for the banking authorities to tighten the security option. The inclusion of the strong and safe technological devices along with effective as well as advanced information communication technological devices will assist in effective and secure online banking services. References Bock, L. (2015). Work Rules. New York: Springer. Bossidy, L. (2008). Execution. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. Cheng, B., Ioannou, I. and Serafeim, G., 2014. Corporate social responsibility and access to finance. Strategic Management Journal, 35(1), pp.1-23. Doumpos, M., Zopounidis, C. (2010). A multicriteria decision support system for bank rating.Decision Support Systems,50(1), 55-63. Guoli, C., Heli, W., Shan, Z., Woodward Ian, C., Pisitta, V., Ilia, T., Alfred, M. and Marco, S., 2017. Search form. Review of Financial Studies. Hajdini, I. (2010). Innovation Management. New Jersey: Pearson. Klettner, A., Clarke, T. and Boersma, M., 2014. The governance of corporate sustainability: Empirical insights into the development, leadership and implementation of responsible business strategy. Journal of Business Ethics, 122(1), pp.145-165. Lubua, W. E. (2014). Cyber Crimes Incidents in Financial Institutions of Tanzania. International Journal of Computer Science and Business Informatics, 14(3), pp. 37-47. Lunenburg, F. (2011). Decision making in organizations. International journal of management, business, and administration, 15(1), pp. 1-9. Mats Andersson, A.P., Bolton, P., Herz, B., Rogers, J., Accounting, S., Eccles, R.G. and Youmans, T., 2016. APPLIED CORPORATE FINANCE. Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 28(2), p.47. Mishra, P., Fahnoe, C. and Henriksen, D. (2013). Creativity, self-directed learning and the architecture of technology rich environments. TechTrends, 57(1), p. 10. Ng, C. A., and Rezaee, Z., 2015. Business Sustainability Performance and Cost of Equality Capital. Journal of Corporate Finance, 34(1), pp. 128-149.Nair, U. (2014). Channeling Contemporary Ethical Practices. International Journal, 2(6), pp. 767-776. O'leary, M., Mortensen, M. and Woolley, A. (2011). Multiple team membership: A theoretical model of its effects on productivity and learning for individuals and teams in Ethics .Academy of Management Review, 36(3), pp. 461-478. Savery, J. (2015). Overview of problem-based learning: Definitions and distinctions. Essential readings in problem-based learning: Exploring and extending the legacy of Howard S. Barrows, 24(10), pp. 5-15. Schmidt, E. (2015). How Firms Work. Stamford: Cengage Learning. Singh, G. and Hardaker, G. (2014). Barriers and enablers to adoption and diffusion: A systematic review of the literaturea need for an integrative approach. International journal of information management, 56(2/3), pp. 105-121. Stahl, C. B., Timmermans, J., Flick, C. (2016). Ethics of Emerging Information and Communication Technologies: On the Implementation of Responsible Research and Innovation. Science and Public Policy, 44(3), pp. 369-381. Trkman, P. (2010). The critical success factors of business process management. International journal of information management, 30(2), pp. 125-134. Welch, M. (2012). Appropriateness and acceptability: Ethical perspectives of Business communication.. Public Relations Review, 38(2), pp. 246-254. West, D., Grant, T., Gerush, M. and Dsilva, D. (2010). Agile development: Mainstream adoption has changed agility. Forrester Research, 2(1), p. 41. Williams, C. (2012). Management. New York: McGraw-Hill.